Money & Markets1950–2025
Central Bank Gold Reserves
Who holds the world's monetary gold, in tonnes, since the Bretton Woods era. The United States has sat on the largest hoard for the whole period — most of it still in Fort Knox and the New York Fed — while Europe's old powers drift down and China and Russia quietly stack bullion in the 2000s. A snapshot race that moves slowly, then in bursts.
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Source: World Gold Council & IMF IFS Official reserve holdings in metric tonnes. Some national figures (notably China) are updated infrequently and are widely believed to understate true holdings. Updated 2026-07-03