Technology & Business2012–2025

Largest AI Training Runs

The biggest training run (in total floating-point operations) each AI lab has ever published or been credibly estimated to have completed. From AlexNet's two-GPU experiment in 2012 to the 100,000-GPU clusters of 2025, the record climbs eight orders of magnitude — a doubling of frontier compute roughly every six months.

Source: Epoch AI notable models (estimates) Illustrative order-of-magnitude estimates in the style of Epoch AI's notable-models database; labs rarely disclose exact figures. illustrative data Updated 2026-07-09

The race in numbers

8lead changes
14years covered
12contenders
Google DeepMindlongest reign — 6 yrs at #1

Final standings · 2025

  1. 1xAI90.0 YFLOPs
  2. 2Google DeepMind80.0 YFLOPs
  3. 3Anthropic65.0 YFLOPs
  4. 4OpenAI64.0 YFLOPs
  5. 5Meta AI50.0 YFLOPs

Key moments